Contributed by: Raja Krishnasamy (10 July, 1993)
Originally posted to newsgroups soc.culture.indian, rec.music.indian.
classical and soc.culture.tamil
When describing Lalgudi Jayaraman, one can not avoid resorting to
hyperbole. The violin virtuoso, professionally much younger than some
of the senior violinists today, has excelled far beyond anyone else
since the time of Dwaram Sri Venkateswara Naidu, by sheer dint of
perseverence and hard work, totally unaided by any godfatherly legend.
The unique feature about Lalgudi is that his music is very expressive.
Indian music or more aptly, Carnatic Instrumental Music, is mostly vocal
in conception. There are no separate instrumental scores and the
elements of liberty and licence exist only in the form of Alapanas and
swaraprastharas. It is this foundation that has been inlaid deep in
Lalgudi by his father, the late Sri Gopala Iyer. And it is in this
context that Lalgudi's instrumental genius comes to the fore in the form of
lyrical excellence. More particularly, there is no structural damage
done to the edifice of the composition as envisaged by the composer, be
it a Varnam, Kriti, Tillana or a Padam. He is probably one of a select
few instrumentalists who is capable of rendering a very good vocal music
concert. His rendition thus devoid of any mutilation, blossoms into one
of instrumental virtuosity and aesthetic excellence.
The quality in his playing is spellbinding and his technique is
immaculate. In short his violin sings. There is a tamil phrase :
"konjum yAzhin isaiyai kEttu maNNil nAm padum thuyarai marappOm",
in a song by an unknown composer. For those of you who do not know
tamil - "Listening to the playful melody of a yAzh, puts one into a
state of spiritual ecstasy that makes one forget the worldly pains that
one goes through". One can definitely apply this phrase to Lalgudi's
violin. Quoting Prof. Ramanathan on Lalgudi's music, "Its ingredients
are a fascinating tonal allure, a scintillating and polished delivery, a
flawless fluency, a preternatural grasp of the ins-and-outs of Laya, an
unflagging zeal, splendid resourcefulness, an unruffled self possession,
an effortless virtuosity, a fine sense of proportion, a tautness of
texture, an impeccable musical idiom and total creative brilliance. In
short, it is a sweet ensemble of the choicest artistic virtues".
Coming to prominence at a young age, Lalgudi has attained prominence
through sheer hard work, and a divine taste for music. He has been in
great demand for accompanying vocalists, and has accompanied such great
vocal virtuosos as Ariyakkudi Sri Ramanuja Iyengar, Semmangudi Sri
Srinivasa Iyer, Sri G. N. Balasubramaniam, Alathur Brothers, Karaikkudi
Sambasiva Iyer, and the list reads like a Who's Who in the world of
Carnatic Vocal Music. He was more than a match for even to the
seniormost vocalists of his time. The team work of Lalgudi and each of
these artists, and his originality, altogether lifted the concert
platform to a higher plane. In particular, he has blossomed to a very
great extent from his relation with each of these artistes, in
developing a style of his own, that is in no way less expressive, less
in bhava and rakti, than any of the vocalists' styles.
I have always enjoyed listening to every one of his concerts with these
legends of Carnatic Music, particularly those in which he accompanies
Semmangudi Sri Srinivasa Iyer. In accompanying them he has showed an
immense sense of perception and anticipation, and his guess work and
intuition is so perfect, that at times you even forget who the lead
artiste is. Just the other day I was listening to a 1958 concert of
Semmangudi at the Swati Tirunal Academy of Music in Trivandrum, where he
sings a Ragam and Thanam in Natakurinji followed by the Muthuwswami
Dikshitar's Navagraha Kriti "buDhamAsrayAmi". Lalgudi's accompaniment
is simply divine, and his alapanai simply superb. I apologise for not
commenting on Semmangudi's performance, for I am not one to do that,
and moreover it would be out of place in this context. The trimness and
precision that have gone into his playing is breath-taking. The
Kiravani kriti - "tatvabrahmasi" which followed, was so glorious. You
can sit and listen to the same concert over and over again, and you
could not get bored, for there are so many aspects that you can note
that's good about Lalgudi. In fact you could just concentrate on the
Violin throughout the concert, and voila! you have a violin solo. It is
really incredible how well the vocal cords get so perfectly translated
into instrumental beauty.
As a soloist, his rendition of ragas is a sheer joy, and refuses to be
outdone by any other artist with regard to comprehensiveness, propreity,
and proportionate beauty. There was this Krishna Gana Sabha concert where
he was accompanied by his son Shri G. J. R. Krishnan. The main piece is the
Tyagaraja's Kriti in Charukesi "AdamOdigAladA", where the alapanai is
soul stirring.
Perhaps the most significant contribution of Lalgudi to Carnatic Music
is his Tillanas and Varnams. The Classical Varnams of yester years are
meant more than just to remove the phlegm of the vocal chords or serve
as a spicy dish. The rendition of these varnams have degenerated into a
ritual without any intensity. It is here that Lalgudi deserves praise
for giving us a whole storehouse of varnams to experiment with.
Without offending our old composers, we
can definitely compare them with any of the legendary Varnams and
Tillanas, both in terms of melody and content. In fact this has led to
a whole generation of musicians who have some part of Lalgudi's genius
in their bloodstream. This in itself is a sheer distinction. Such is
the ubiquitous presense of his style, that it has forced a degree of
attention unseen in the history of Carnatic Music.
One really wished a slip so that it may be underlined as human, but then
Lalgudi's Music is endowed with Divine Grace. "avar kaiyila kalaivAni
jolikkarAl" - meaning, the Godess of Learning Shines on his hands. It
is indeed a great injustice that he was not awarded the title of
Sangitha Kalanidhi when it was due.
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