Part XVI of Great Masters, the first one this year, features Kishori Amonkar, L'Enfant Terrible de Hindustani Music:-). Born in 1932, this music genius from Goa has attained such mastery over her art that she can justifiably claim to be the sole heir to the exacting standards set by her predecessors- her illustrious mother, Mogubai Kurdikar, and the formidable Surashree Kesarbai Kerkar. The following article is taken from a commemorative issue of Sangeet Kalavihar (Akhil Bharatiya Gandharva Mahavidhyalaya Prakashan) April-May 1988. Thanks are due Shri Arun Parvatkar, Head Librarian - Kala Academy, Panjim, Goa, for making available the same.

Rajan Parrikar

Smt. KISHORI AMONKAR - Perfectionist and a Dreamer

by Vibha Purandare

I have known Kishoritai now for many a year, yet I find that the passage of time does not help me to bind in words her elusive and many dimensional personality. It is one thing to know her and another to write about her. Like a great poet, she can say "Yes. I contradict myself. I contain many." And look at the variety within her - a concrete love for the abstract, a sharp analytical power to dissect systematically an intellectual problem and also an ability to synthesise beautifully the diverse shades of thought, a unique intensity to fathom the mystery of music, a scientific approach towards the ancient and modern theories of Art and Art Creation, a child-like faith in Guru Raghavendra Swami, a sense of wonder of being lost in the fantastic, illogical world of fairy tales and a strong belief in superstitions. All these colourful bits of a jigsaw puzzle refuse to form a very sedate straight picture. At the most one can say, she is a superstitious rationalist and an adult who continues to be child.

" I love to be a child. I know that I am foolish and obstinate as a child. But this state is very precious for me." Kishoritai said to me one evening, with her tanpuras standing in front as mute witnesses, " But at the same time, let me tell you I will not be a child in my Art, " she added vehemently. Her witnesses must have silently consented. For when her fingers play on their strings, thc musical instruments are thrilled with the touch of a master. Kishoritai tunes her tanpura with the precision of a scientist. It has to be the exact shade of 'nishad', the correct 'shadja.'

She believes that playing the tanpura well is of utmost importance - even more important than tuning it. " Then how does one do it ? " I asked. Pausing only for thc well anticipated question to end, she replied, " Well, it is an art. You see, though the frequencies of the notes vary, their sound level should be the same. One should strike the next string in such a manner that the sound of the second is blended into the first and so on and thus thereby there is being established sacred serious, musical cyclic pattern. Of course it inspires me to sing, but at times I am afraid even to mingle my own vocal notes into that divine sound. However, one thing I must state that the scientific rendering of a tanpura is different from its aesthetical rendering; in thc case of the latter, the stress is significant."

And when she is tuning the tanpura - to the admiration of some, whilst tesing the patience of many - she is a picture of concentration. Her eyes gently shut, one hand adjusting thc beads below, the other stretching out towards the knobs at the other end, she becomes an object of beauty for any photographer, a portrait painter or even all ordinary viewer.

And when the tanpuras are tuned to perfection, we have beautifully spanned for our ears a musical rainbow. And the colour is the colour of love. For, this artiste, has a profound love for notes, musical instruments, musicians and music; in fact, anything and everything that is musical. Her love, more than her scholarship, makes her ask, "I wonder from where these these notes come? "

A musicologist, a musician or a commoner could as well give an appropriate answer. But that will never satisfy her. She has in her a uniqne combination of a child, mystic and artist. The seen world she does love but the pull and the insight into the unseen world is more fascinating. Her imagination then knows no bounds "How must be the home of these notes ? How do they behave with each other ? I wish I could see them, then I would be able to talk to them."

Actually, the notes are as familiar to her as her face, in fact definitely more so, for she has spent much more time with her tanpura than with a mirror.

She is an ideal student of her subject. She has thonght consistently and deeply on the various problems that face a creative artist. Thc hard core of her philosophy of Music is her faith in its power to transcend the material world and touch the spiritual. Her notes are divine and their singing is sacred. With her singing, a concert hall is transformed into a temple and the listeners become her Guru Raghavendra. Therefore, after a concert, whenever and wherever, she humbly bows down her head at the people in front this gesture has an added dimension.

There are two different beings that harmoniously dwell in her - one a romanticist and the other a classicist. She herself does not very much like this classification. She feels that an artist is an artist. All other nomenclatures are secondary. Her approach toward Art is spiritual. She believes that realism is depicted in art to take you to the ideal, and the ideal is self-realisation - for the singer as well as for the listener. Like a true romanticist, she has an undying urge to reach out to Beauty. Her singing has its birth in the beautiful and it merges too in thc beautiful.

She said to me some years ago, "People say that I look beautiful when I sing. Today I seem to have got an answer. When I sing, I want everything to be beautiful - my notes, ny rhythm and myself too. My desire is so intense that on the stage you have beauty personified, not Kishori looking beautiful." And how true it is !

Her search for beauty does not turn her into an escapist. She is aware of the ugliness of life, its sordidness, its darkness and drabness. Yet she is convinced that when Art touches it, it does not wipe it out, but the innate strength of an art-medium makes it different. There is sorrow and joy inexplicably experienced together. Wheras, in life most often than not, they are mutually exclusive. In her heaven of art, a rose does have a thorn, and a thorn does prick, but its pain leads to peace. That is the uniqueness of art. Music may thrive on and be enriched by the depth and expanse of a 'Karuna Rasa' or 'Shringar Rasa', but it ultimately culminates in 'Shanti Rasa' that is 'ultimate bliss'.

If Kishoritai adores Beauty, she worships Truth anf therefore respects knowledge. Knowledge for her is not trapped wholly in books or fettered only in laboratories. She believes that knowledge is free. It can be found anytime, anywhere. You meet it like friend in a marketplace, or like a "bhakta" you are blessed by its "darshan" in the " santum sanctorum" of a temple. Yet, I must tell you, that Kishoritai is a treasurer of books, and as a student of science in Jai Hind College, had done some of the best dissection work in the Botany laboratory. Her love for books is natural and has grown with time. At times she intuitively buys a very good book. Some of the rarest titles in English Literature have been presented to me by Kishoritai, having bought the books in a bookshop, at various airports or on the pavement. She herself possesses one of the best libraries on aesthetics. Like gems, her books are well taken care of. They are neatly covered and bound. She will go to any extent to get a book she intently wants. Once she had wanted a book on " Indian Aesthetics" by Dr. Pandey. She searched for it high and low, She leafed through all the shops in Bombay, Delhi, Allahabad nd other smaller cities in India as well. The search was futile. But Kishoritai did not give in. And when she did get a copy of the book in a University Library, she got the whole significant part of the book cyclostyled. Today, it is one of her proud possessions, to be admired by the connoisseurs and not to be lent even to an ardent book lover.

It is well known that Dnyaneshwar, Tukaram, Surdas and Meera are her "singing partners" but few may know that Bharat Muni, Sarangdev, Narad and Anandvardhan- the great ancient literary masters--- are her 'thought companions." She is extremely happy in their company and it gives her equal joy to sing them or talk about them.

Kishoritai feels intently and thinks deeply. You cannot segregate " feeling " in life from "feeling" in art; for their roots go right down to that land which everyone owns but no one knows---i.e. the human mind. As far as feeling is concerned for Kishoritai, everything in this area is a "little more" than what the other people experience. For her the ruby-mud of her beloved Goa is a "little more" red; and its "sapphiresky" a "little more" blue. Jasmine, Champak, Roses and Lilies, all these flowers are more fragrant when they have to be offered to Guru Raghavendra Swami; at the same time a "more expensive" saree is " less expensive " if it is to be given to her mother Mai. And if Mai is unwell, Kishoritai is terribly disturbed. She repeatedly rings up her younger sister Lalitatai's place and keeps on enquiring about Mai's health. At that time, it is easier for Lalitatai to nurse Mai than attend her Tai's frequent and demanding phone calls. Not satisfied with what she hears, Kishoritai than decides to rely on her own eyes. She straight- as she is - dashes to Mai. "How are you Mai?" her transparent concern for her mother is evident in the curve of the question. And as soon as Mai says, "I am having a stomach ache or a little palpitation," Kishoritai leaves her side to sit besides the telephone. Then she rings up a Doctor or two. She rings up the Doctor so often and with so much of urgency that she makes the Doctor sick. But her Doctors know well that though a rebel in the field of music, she is also a nervous, highly strung daughter. They therefore smilingly take the "doses" she gives them. And only when Mai says that "she is feeling a little better" Kishoritai is at a little peace with herself. But her health is not even considered when it is a question of her music concerts. With a temperature as high as 103 raging in her body, I have seen her give all excellent full fledged concert in Dadar. She has also rendered a 3 1/2 hour programme on our SaintPoet Dynaneshar in a Bombay Hall, with the excru- ciating and relentless agony of a Herpes infection running a deadly line of pain on her face across thc nose. I can still see her holding her tanpura in her right hand and with the left hand dipping cotton in a medicinal solution and applying it to her face. One had only to see it to believe it. That is the fierce intensity she has for her music. It is almost inhuman or superhuman.

Thinking -intuitive, creative thinking - is also an innate part of her music. Her razor sharp intelligence is used to gently reach and unfold a particular "bhava" in a bhajan, a thumari, a ghazal or raga. Kishori tai firmly believes that "feeling" is the soul of music. She has thought long and lovinly about the various "bhavas" in art; how their subtle shades emerge and re-emerge, and one being prominent, surges forward towards the formation of a "rasa". Her study of "rasa theory" is very comprehensive. But everything that she reads in the ancient texts and whatever she herself experiences in the fire of the creative process is to be accepted only if it stands the test of actual music rendered.

Like a sincere hard-working student, she still gets up early in the morning to study and interpret the texts and spends or invests some time with the textual notes. Then after an interval of some kitchen work, she turns to and becomes one with her musical notes. The journey from the world of words to the universe of "sa-re-ga-ma " is as smooth as the sliding of the finger from one string to the other of her tanpura.

Kishoritai has given immeasurable joy to her listeners - through her music and her lectures. By now, she has become a renowned exponent of the "Rasa Theory of Music". She is an excellent speaker, being clear in though and lucid in expression. She has given lectures - series of lectures all over India. She carries the same brand of fire in her speeches as in her musical rendering. I remember its early beginning.

It was the year 1977; Place: New Delhi. Smt. Kishoritai Amonkar had been invited to participate in an International Seminar on Arts to be held in the capital of India. Her paper was entitled "Music and Communication" The audience comprised of writers, musicians, dancers, painters, poets, sculptors and architects of national and international renown. In fact, they were the people who must have been more on the platform - on the other side of creation - than on the receiving side.

In the presence of such an illustrious and discerning listeners, Kishoritai read her paper with the ease of a professional and a fervour of a reformer. The text, born and bred on experience was appealing and thoughtprovoking and the diction was perfect, her breath-control remarkable with the right pauses and correct stress. The thunderous applause at the end "communicated" the listeners' feeling of appreciation. The impact of the paper was further seen when the Indian and Foreign Delegates attended her concert at 'Ashoka Hotel' the following day and made it a point to tell her of the same. As one dancer then remarked "Is it necessary to read the paper also so well? Can you not leave anything to others ? "

  That is Kishoritai - 
  Perfectionist and a dreamer,
  Lover of words and notes,
  Colour and stones,
  An old understanding friend,
  A singer, setting a new trend,
  Bound to music and its Reedeemer too.

Here I acknowledge my utter helplessness to do justice to her singing. Much has been written about it, and many are still trying to write about it. She like her mother Mai has also been awarded a 'Padmabhushan'. It is indeed a rare feat for a mother and daughter to get one of the highest National awards in the same field - i. e. Hindustani Classical Music. Kishoritai sings with utmost intensity and sincerity. She believes in introspection and guidance from the ancient sages and seers, therefore the evolvement of her "raga" is different from others. Like a staunch classicist she wants to maintain the purity and the discipline of the " bhava " in a " raga ". She is totally convinced that in order to depict the " true and living raga " in future, one must progress towards the past wherein lies knowledge that is eternal and Absolute. Trying to analyse the subtle nuances of her music I find that the river of words merges into the sea of silence.

We can only pray that may Kishoritai continue to sing for a long long time; and may we all be blessed to listen to that divine melody.